时间：10月29日（周四） 18:00-20:00

地点：恕园28号楼205室

主题：文献汇报

1、文献汇报：丰富的早期触觉经验对Shank3 突变小鼠孤独症样行为及突触改变的影响（Effects of early-life tactile experience enrichment on autistic-like behaviors and synaptic alterations in Shank3 mutant mice）

主讲：鞠滢蔚 同学

2、文献汇报：打破（音乐）边界：探究真实音乐聆听中事件切分的脑动力学变化（Breaking (musical) boundaries by investigating brain dynamics of event segmentation during real-life music-listening）

主讲：罗婧荷 同学

3、文献汇报：数学学习能力障碍儿童与数学学习能力正常儿童在数量辨别中的隐性神经认知机制（Latent Neurocognitive Mechanisms Underlying Quantity Discrimination in Children with and without Mathematical Learning Disabilities） 

主讲：李蓝多 同学

4、文献汇报：内在奖赏通过强化学习引导视觉资源分配（Intrinsic rewards guide visual resource allocation via reinforcement learning）

主讲：叶晗之 同学

欢迎老师与同学们踊跃出席！

脑科学研究所

文献详细信息

1、题目：Effects of early-life tactile experience enrichment on autistic-like behaviors and synaptic alterations in Shank3 mutant mice

期刊名称：Fundamental Research  IF: 7.0  SCI：Q1  中科院：2区

摘要：Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents a significant therapeutic challenge due to limited treatment options. While non-pharmacological approaches based on sensory stimulation have shown promise in clinical practice, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study explored the therapeutic potential of tactile experience enrichment (TEE) during specific developmental windows in Shank3 KO mice, a model of ASD. We found that pre-weaning TEE robustly rescued core behavioral deficits, including social interaction and repetitive grooming, whereas juvenile TEE only improved social behavior. RNA sequencing of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and dorsolateral striatum (DLS) revealed TEE-induced alterations in synaptic gene expression, including the upregulation of the Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK-1) pathway, which may modulate synaptic maturation. Furthermore, pre-weaning TEE restored dendritic spine density and morphology, along with synaptic transmission, in both the ACC and DLS. These findings indicate that early tactile enrichment, particularly during the pre-weaning period, can effectively alleviate core ASD-related behaviors in Shank3 KO mice by modulating synaptic structure and function, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic intervention for ASD.

2、题目：Breaking (musical) boundaries by investigating brain dynamics of event segmentation during real-life music-listening

期刊名称：PNAS   IF: 9.4   SCI: Q1   中科院：1区 

摘要：The perception of musical phrase boundaries is a critical aspect of human musical experience: It allows us to organize, understand, derive pleasure from, and remember music. Identifying boundaries is a prerequisite for segmenting music into meaningful chunks, facilitating efficient processing and storage while providing an enjoyable, fulfilling listening experience through the anticipation of upcoming musical events. Expanding on Sridharan et al.’s [Neuron 55, 521-532 (2007)] work on coarse musical boundaries between symphonic movements, we examined finer-grained boundaries. We measured the fMRI responses of 18 musicians and 18 nonmusicians during music listening. Using general linear model, independent component analysis, and Granger causality, we observed heightened auditory integration in anticipation to musical boundaries, and an extensive decrease within the fronto-temporal-parietal network during and immediately following boundaries. Notably, responses were modulated by musicianship. Findings uncover the intricate interplay between musical structure, expertise, and cognitive processing, advancing our knowledge of how the brain makes sense of music.

3、题目：Latent Neurocognitive Mechanisms Underlying Quantity Discrimination in Children with and without Mathematical Learning Disabilities

期刊名称：Journal of Neuroscience  IF: 4.3  SCI: Q2  中科院：2区

摘要：Mathematical learning disabilities (MLD) affect up to 14% of school-age children, yet the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms remain elusive. We developed drift diffusion model with dynamic performance monitoring (DDM-DPM), an innovative cognitive model that captures both external and internal sources of structural variability in task performance. Combining DDM-DPM with functional brain imaging, we examined symbolic and nonsymbolic quantity discrimination in female and male children with MLD and typically developing children matched on age, gender, and IQ. Children with MLD showed format-dependent alterations in response caution and posterror adjustment, despite similar observed performance measures between groups. The latent cognitive processes during symbolic quantity discrimination predicted broader mathematical abilities better than those during nonsymbolic quantity discrimination. Neuroimaging results revealed that reduced activity in middle frontal gyrus mediated deficits in response caution in symbolic format, while reduced activity in the anterior cingulate cortex mediated deficits in posterror adjustment in symbolic format in children with MLD. These findings provide novel support for a multidimensional deficit view of MLD that extends beyond basic number processing to include metacognitive processes. Our findings also provide novel support for and extend the access deficit model, which posits that individuals with MLD may have relatively intact quantity representations but struggle with numerical representations in symbolic formats. Our study highlights the value of integrating latent cognitive modeling with neuroimaging to reveal subtle mechanisms underlying learning disabilities and identify potential targets for intervention.

4、题目：Intrinsic rewards guide visual resource allocation via reinforcement learning

期刊名称：Nature Human Behaviour  IF：17.5  SCI：Q1  中科院：1区

摘要：Humans and other animals prioritize visual processing of stimuli that signal rewards. While previous research has focused on tangible incentives (for example, money or food), the effects of intrinsic incentives—such as perceived competence—are less well understood. Here, across a series of visual estimation experiments, we manipulated observers’ subjective sense of confidence in their judgements using either deceptive trial-by-trial feedback or real discrepancies in stimulus reliability. We found that observers prioritized encoding of stimuli associated with lower uncertainty or error, benefiting performance for stimuli already estimated accurately, while further impairing performance for those estimated poorly. These reward-driven biases, while potentially adaptive, impaired overall accuracy in the present tasks by causing resource allocation to deviate from the error-minimizing strategy. To account for these findings, we supplemented a normalization model of neural resource allocation with a simple reinforcement learning rule. Intrinsic and external rewards cumulatively shaped the values assigned to different stimuli by the model, and the resulting discrepancies biased resource allocation and thereby estimation error, quantitatively matching the data. These findings reveal how intrinsic reward signals can shape resource allocation in ways that are both adaptive and counterproductive, offering a computational basis for the motivational biases underlying cognitive performance.