时间：11月5日（周四） 18:00-20:00

地点：恕园28号楼205室

主题：文献汇报

1、文献汇报：工作记忆与长时记忆通过可分离的机制聚焦注意（Focusing attention in working and long-term memory through dissociable mechanisms）

主讲：张晓圳 同学

2、文献汇报：基于跨物种功能连接分析的自闭症亚型鉴定（Autism subtypes identified using cross-species functional connectivity analyses）

主讲：马逸凡 同学

3、文献汇报：慢性应激通过中性粒细胞介导的微环境改变促进肿瘤转移（Chronic stress increases metastasis via neutrophil mediated changes to the microenvironment） 

主讲：许柯颍 同学

4、文献汇报：妈妈的抚摸不只是安慰：早期身体接触塑造婴幼儿大脑的“安抚程序”（Early-life maternal care is required for the typical development of calming responses to back stroking）

主讲：吴若僮 同学

欢迎老师与同学们踊跃出席！

脑科学研究所

文献详细信息

1、题目：Focusing attention in working and long-term memory through dissociable mechanisms

期刊名称：Nature Communications  IF: 18.1  SCI: Q1  中科院：1区

摘要：Abstract We developed an experimental approach to compare how attentional orienting facilitates retrieval from spatial working memory (WM) and long-term memory (LTM), and how selective attention within these two memory types impacts incoming sensory information processing. In three experiments with healthy young adults, retrospective attention cues prioritize an item represented in WM or LTM. Participants then retrieve a memory item or perform a perceptual task. The retrocue is informative for the retrieval task but not for the perceptual task. We show that attentional orienting benefits performance for both WM and LTM, with stronger effects for WM. Eye-tracking reveals significant gaze shifts and microsaccades correlated with attention in WM, but no statistically significant gaze biases were found for LTM. Visual discrimination of unrelated visual stimuli is consistently improved for items matching attended WM locations. Similar effects occur at LTM locations but less consistently. The findings suggest at least partly dissociable attention-orienting processes for different memory types. Although our conclusions are necessarily constrained to the type of WM and LTM representations relevant to our task, they suggest that, under certain conditions, attentional prioritization in LTM can operate independently from WM. Future research should explore whether similar dissociations extend to non-spatial or more complex forms of LTM.

2、题目：Autism subtypes identified using cross-species functional connectivity analyses

期刊名称：Nature Neuroscience  IF: 20  SCI: Q1  中科院：1区

摘要：It is often assumed that phenotypic heterogeneity in autism reflects underlying pathobiological variation. However, direct evidence supporting this link is lacking. Leveraging cross-species functional neuroimaging, we show that brain dysconnectivity patterns in autism can be parsed into biologically dissociable subtypes. Specifically, we found that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) connectivity alterations in 20 distinct genetic mouse models of autism cluster into hypoconnectivity-dominant and hyperconnectivity-dominant subtypes. These subtypes are linked to distinct biological pathways, with hypoconnectivity being associated with synaptic dysfunction and hyperconnectivity reflecting transcriptional and immune-related alterations. Here we identified analogous hypoconnectivity and hyperconnectivity subtypes in a multicenter human fMRI dataset of n = 940 individuals with idiopathic autism and n = 1,036 neurotypical individuals. The human autism subtypes are highly replicable, are associated with distinct functional network architectures and behavioral profiles and recapitulate the synaptic and immune-related pathways identified in the rodent dataset. Our work provides a new empirical framework for targeted subtyping of the autism spectrum.

3、题目：Chronic stress increases metastasis via neutrophil mediated changes to the microenvironment  

期刊名称：CANCER CELL  IF: 56.1‌  SCI: Q1  中科院：1区

摘要：Chronic stress is associated with increased risk of metastasis and poor survival in cancer patients, yet the reasons are unclear. We show that chronic stress increases lung metastasis from disseminated cancer cells 2- to 4-fold in mice. Chronic stress significantly alters the lung microenvironment, with fibronectin accumulation, reduced T cell infiltration, and increased neutrophil infiltration. Depleting neutrophils abolishes stress induced metastasis. Chronic stress shifts normal circadian rhythm of neutrophils and causes increased neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation via glucocorticoid release. In mice with neutrophil-specific glucocorticoid receptor deletion, chronic stress fails to increase NETs and metastasis. Furthermore, digesting NETs with DNase I prevents chronic stress-induced metastasis. Together, our data show that glucocorticoids released during chronic stress cause NET formation and establish a metastasis-promoting microenvironment. Therefore, NETs could be targets for preventing metastatic recurrence in cancer patients,many of whom will experience chronic stress due to their disease.

4、题目：Early-life maternal care is required for the typical development of calming responses to back stroking

期刊名称：Communications Biology  IF: 5.8  SCI: Q1  中科院：1区

摘要：In many mammals, early interactions between caregivers and offspring involve rich physical contact during which offspring typically remain calm near the caregiver. Such contact is thought to support emotional regulation during infancy, but how prior experience shapes these mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we show that back stroking induces a calming response in human infants and mouse pups, with reduced movement. In mouse pups, back stroking further reduces heart rate, facilitates sleep onset, and attenuates stress-induced corticosterone elevations. These sleep-promoting and stress-buffering effects are absent in artificially reared pups deprived of postnatal maternal care, suggesting that early experience tunes the calming response to stroking. Transcriptomic analysis reveals reduced hypothalamic expression of the calcium channel subunit gene Cacna1b in artificially reared pups, and knockdown of hypothalamic Cacna1b in maternally reared pups abolishes stroking-induced calming. Thus, early-life maternal care and associated physical contact may shape hypothalamic circuits supporting behavioral and physiological regulation.