时间：12月11日 (周四)  18:00-20:00

地点：恕园28号楼205室

主题：工作进展和文献报告

1、文献汇报：精神分裂症患者“超聚焦”与“超过滤”注意的动态过程

主讲：梁馨予 同学

2、工作进展报告：自恋人格对公平决策的影响：基于人类与大语言模型的对比研究

主讲：李照霞 同学

3、文献汇报：少突胶质细胞程序性死亡通过 TFEB-PUMA 通路对中枢神经系统髓鞘形成的时空调控

主讲：王亚童 同学

4、文献汇报：认知发展进程中程序自动化的神经证据：小加法问题中顶内沟神经活动的问题大小效应随年龄而增强

主讲：张梓琪 同学

欢迎老师与同学们踊跃出席！

脑科学研究所

文献详细信息

1、The dynamic process of hyperfocusing and hyperfiltering in schizophrenia

期刊信息：Nature Mental Health IF: 8.7   SCI: Q1   中科院：二区

摘要：

Schizophrenia is typically characterized by impairments in selective attention. However, recent evidence seems to counterintuitively show that people with schizophrenia (PSZ) exhibit superior attentional selection compared with healthy control subjects, an intriguing phenomenon known as hyperfocusing. Such supranormal attention is believed to underlie multiple kinds of cognitive impairments observed in PSZ, and thus exploring this remarkable phenomenon holds promise for inspiring innovative treatments aimed at addressing cognitive deficits in PSZ. Here, in this case–control study comprising four independent experiments, we aimed to investigate two central questions regarding this phenomenon. First, we sought to investigate whether hyperfocusing on the relevant information would be accompanied with hyperfiltering on irrelevant information, by adopting tasks wherein participants were asked to focus on one feature (that is, color) of an object while ignoring another (that is, shape). Another important objective is to understand how such supranormal attention unfolds over the course of cognitive processing by manipulating the time course. Our research reveals that hyperfocusing on relevant information coincides with greater filtering (that is, hyperfiltering) of irrelevant information from the same object. Additionally, our research shows that hyperfocusing develops through continuously enhancing the relevant information and progressively weakening the irrelevant information over time. Crucially, these key findings are replicated and generalized across different designs and research paradigms, underscoring the robustness and replicability of our study. These convincing findings extend our understanding of cognitive mechanisms behind hyperfocusing.

2、Spatiotemporal Control of CNS Myelination by Oligodendrocyte Programmed Cell Death through the TFEB-PUMA Axis.

期刊信息：Cell   IF: 42.5   SCI: Q1   中科院：一区

摘要：

Nervous system function depends on proper myelination for insulation and critical trophic support for axons. Myelination is tightly regulated spatially and temporally, but how it is controlled molecularly remains largely unknown. Here, we identified key molecular mechanisms governing the regional and temporal specificity of CNS myelination. We show that transcription factor EB (TFEB) is highly expressed by differentiating oligodendrocytes and that its loss causes precocious and ectopic myelination in many parts of the murine brain. TFEB functions cell-autonomously through PUMA induction and Bax-Bak activation to promote programmed cell death of a subset of premyelinating oligodendrocytes, allowing selective elimination of oligodendrocytes in normally unmyelinated brain regions. This pathway is conserved across diverse brain areas and is critical for myelination timing. Our findings define an oligodendrocyte-intrinsic mechanism underlying the spatiotemporal specificity of CNS myelination, shedding light on how myelinating glia sculpt the nervous system during development.

3、Neural evidence for procedural automatization during cognitive development: Intraparietal response to changes in very-small addition problem-size increases with age

期刊信息：Dev Cogn Neurosci   IF: 4.9   SCI: Q1

摘要：

Cognitive development is often thought to depend on qualitative changes in problem-solving strategies, with early developing algorithmic procedures (e.g., counting when adding numbers) considered being replaced by retrieval of associations (e.g., between operands and answers of addition problems) in adults. However, algorithmic procedures might also become automatized with practice. In a large cross-sectional fivRl study from age 8 to adulthood (n = 128), we evaluate this hypothesis by measuring neural changes associated with age-related reductions in a behavioral hallmark of mental addition, the problem-size effect (an increase in solving time as problem sum increases). We found that age-related decreases in problem-size effect were paralleled by age related increases of activity in a region of the intraparietal sulcus that already supported the problem-size effect in 8- to 9-year-olds, at an age the effect is at least partly due to explicit counting. This developmental effect which was also observed in the basal ganglia and prefrontal cortex, was restricted to problems with operands <4. These findings are consistent with a model positing that very-small arithmetic problems and not larger problems might rely on an automatization of counting procedures rather than a shift towards retrieval. And suggest a neural automatization of procedural knowledge during cognitive development.