时间：12月25日 (周四)  18:00-20:00

地点：恕园28号楼205室

主题：文献报告

1、文献汇报：人们为什么遵守规则

主讲：陈怡 同学

2、文献汇报：网球游戏中合作与竞争相关 fNIRS 脑间耦合模式的差异

主讲：尚乐文 同学

3、文献汇报：POMC饱腹神经元释放的丘脑阿片类物质开启对糖的食欲

主讲：周成 同学

4、文献汇报：小胶质细胞通过钙依赖性方式调控去甲肾上腺素传递来调节睡眠

主讲：陶双科 同学

欢迎老师与同学们踊跃出席！

脑科学研究所

文献详细信息

1、题目：Why people follow rules

期刊信息：Nature human behaviour IF: 15.9 SCI: Q1 中科院：一区

摘要：

Why people follow rules, especially laws and social norms, is debated across the human sciences. The importance of intrinsic respect for rules is particularly controversial. To reveal the behavioural principles of rule-following, we develop CRISP, an interdisciplinary framework that explains rule-conformity C as a function of intrinsic respect for rules R, extrinsic incentives I, social expectations S and social preferences P. We deploy CRISP in four series of online experiments with 14,034 English-speaking participants. In our baseline experiments, 55-70% of participants conform to an arbitrary costly rule, even though they act anonymously and alone, and violations hurt no one. We show that people expect rule-conformity and view it as socially appropriate. Rule-breaking is contagious but remains moderate. Pro-social motives and extrinsic incentives increase rule-conformity, but unconditional rule-following and social expectations explain most of it. Our results demonstrate that respect for rules and social expectations are basic elements of rule-conformity that can explain why people follow laws and social norms even without extrinsic incentives and social preferences.

2、题目： Distinct fNIRS inter-brain coupling patterns for cooperation versus competition in a tennis game

期刊信息：Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience IF：3.1 SCI：Q1 中科院：一区

摘要：

Cooperation and competition represent two fundamental modes of social interaction, yet their underlying neural mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning, enabling simultaneous measurement of hemodynamic activity across individuals, offers unique insights into the neural substrates underlying naturalistic interactions. Using this technique, we investigated cross-channel inter-brain coupling (IBC) between interacting individuals during cooperative and competitive play in a motion-sensing tennis game. Compared to resting-state and solo gameplay with observation, both conditions elicit significantly enhanced not only IBC between the dyads’ sensorimotor regions, but also cross-regional coupling between one participant’s sensorimotor cortex and the other’s dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) as well as temporoparietal junction, suggesting the contribution of high-order cognition networks to the observed IBC. Notably, competitive interactions produce stronger cross-regional IBC between DLPFC and sensorimotor regions than cooperative ones, implying an intensified demand for cognitive control during competition. Conversely, cooperation enhances neural coupling between team-mates within their prefrontal cortices, which could reflect shared goal representations. Behavioural cooperation performance is negatively correlated with the DLPFC–sensorimotor IBC. These spatially distinct patterns of condition-dependent neural coupling advance our understanding of the neural underpinnings of naturalistic social interactions.

3、题目：Thalamic opioids from POMC satiety neurons switch on sugar appetite

期刊信息：Science   IF：45.8   SCI：Q1   中科院：一区

摘要：

High sugar-containing foods are readily consumed, even after meals and beyond fullness sensation (e.g., as desserts). Although reward-driven processing of palatable foods can promote overeating, the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie the selective appetite for sugar in states of satiety remain unclear. Hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons are principal regulators of satiety because they decrease food intake through excitatory melanocortin neuropeptides. We discovered that POMC neurons not only promote satiety in fed conditions but concomitantly switch on sugar appetite, which drives overconsumption. POMC neuron projections to the paraventricular thalamus selectively inhibited postsynaptic neurons through mu-opioid receptor signaling. This opioid circuit was strongly activated during sugar consumption, which was most notable in satiety states. Correspondingly, inhibiting its activity diminished high-sugar diet intake in sated mice.

4、题目： Microglia regulate sleep through calcium-dependent modulation of norepinephrine transmission

期刊信息：Nature Neuroscience   IF: 20.0   JCR: Q1   中科院：一区

摘要：

Sleep interacts reciprocally with immune system activity, but its specific relationship with microglia—the resident immune cells in the brain—remains poorly understood. Here, we show in mice that microglia can regulate sleep through a mechanism involving Gi-coupled GPCRs, intracellular Ca2+ signaling and suppression of norepinephrine transmission. Chemogenetic activation of microglia Gi signaling strongly promoted sleep, whereas pharmacological blockade of Gi-coupled P2Y12 receptors decreased sleep. Two-photon imaging in the cortex showed that P2Y12–Gi activation elevated microglia intracellular Ca2+, and blockade of this Ca2+ elevation largely abolished the Gi-induced sleep increase. Microglia Ca2+ level also increased at natural wake-to-sleep transitions, caused partly by reduced norepinephrine levels. Furthermore, imaging of norepinephrine with its biosensor in the cortex showed that microglia P2Y12–Gi activation significantly reduced norepinephrine levels, partly by increasing the adenosine concentration. These findings indicate that microglia can regulate sleep through reciprocal interactions with norepinephrine transmission.